Category: Toxicology
Keywords: bisphenol A, diabetes (PubMed Search)
Posted: 10/16/2008 by Fermin Barrueto
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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Bisphenol A (BPA) is found in epoxy resins that line common food and beverage materials. There has been concern that this compound, like phthalates, may be causing harm through chronic low exposure. An epidemiologic study was performed and published in JAMA that has raised this question. Amazingly, the study did find that:
Lange et al. JAMA 2008; 300(11): 1303-1310.
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: lead (PubMed Search)
Posted: 10/10/2008 by Fermin Barrueto
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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Clinical Manifestations in relation to lead level in children:
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: ICP, intracranial pressure, antihypertensive, nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, hydralazine (PubMed Search)
Posted: 10/2/2008 by Ellen Lemkin, MD, PharmD
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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Several antihypertensive agents raise intracranial pressure. Normal cerebral blood flow (CBF) is constant within normal cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) ranges, recalling that CPP=MAP-ICP.
If CPP is outside the range in which autoregulation occurs, e.g. due to a structural lesion, ischemic stroke, or head trauma, CBF decreases and can adversely affect the patient.
In patients with ischemic stroke or intracerebral pathology, labetalol or esmolol may be used to lower blood pressure without raising ICP. Nicardipine is recommended for use in patients with ischemic stroke or SAH but not in patients with brain injury
If the patient has NO structural abnormalities, but has hypertensive encephalopathy, nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, labetalol, esmolol, or nicardipine may be used.
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: melamine, infant, milk (PubMed Search)
Posted: 9/25/2008 by Fermin Barrueto
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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Melamine
http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2008-09-11-tainted-formula_N.htm
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: diphenhydramine, heroinI (PubMed Search)
Posted: 9/18/2008 by Fermin Barrueto
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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Cheese Heroin: a slang term for the combination of heroin with an over-the-counter antihistamine
Treatment
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: latrodectus, black widow, spider (PubMed Search)
Posted: 9/11/2008 by Fermin Barrueto
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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Latrodectus sp (Black Widow Spider)
Take a look at a picture of the black widow on the following attachment
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: Lidocaine, pediatrics, anesthesia (PubMed Search)
Posted: 9/4/2008 by Ellen Lemkin, MD, PharmD
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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Topical Lidocaine for local anesthesia
Disclosure: I have no financial or invested interest in the product or the company.
1. Pharmacist's Letter 2008 24(9):240912
2. Cregin R. Improving pain management for pediatric patients undergoing nonurgent painful procedures. ASHSP April 15 2008;Vol 65(8):723-7.
3. Kaweski S. Topical Anesthetic Creams. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. June 2008; Vol 121(6):2161-5.
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: methadone, buprenorphine (PubMed Search)
Posted: 8/28/2008 by Fermin Barrueto
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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Buprenorphine (Suboxone)
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: arsenic, diabetes (PubMed Search)
Posted: 8/21/2008 by Fermin Barrueto
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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A recent landmark article has cited a connection between non-insulin dependent diabetes and low-level arsenic in our drinking water.
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: drug interactions, disulfiram, bactrim, tinidazole, metronidazole (PubMed Search)
Posted: 8/7/2008 by Ellen Lemkin, MD, PharmD
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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Alcohol-Drug Interactions
Other common medications that produce this reaction:
1. Sulfonylureas: chlorpropamide, tolbutamide, glyburide
2. Cardiovascular medications: Isosorbide dinitrate, nitroglycerin
Weathermon R, Crabb DW. Alcohol and Medication Interactions. Alcohol Research and Health. 1999 (23);1:40-54.
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: mercury, poisoning (PubMed Search)
Posted: 7/24/2008 by Fermin Barrueto
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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Category: Toxicology
Keywords: Salicylate, aspirin, metabolic acidosisM (PubMed Search)
Posted: 7/17/2008 by Fermin Barrueto
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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First Line Therapy: Urine Alkalinization (pH >7.5) by administrating NaHCO3
Other Indications for Hemodialysis in Salicylate Poisoned Patient:
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: lactic acidosis, metformin, renal failure (PubMed Search)
Posted: 7/10/2008 by Fermin Barrueto
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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Perrone et al. Occult metformin Toxicity in Three patients with profound lactic acidosis. J Emerg Med 2008, June 18.
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: drugs of abuse, heroin (PubMed Search)
Posted: 7/3/2008 by Ellen Lemkin, MD, PharmD
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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ADOLESCENT DRUG ABUSE
Prosser JM, Nelson LS. Emergency Medicine May 2008
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: dapsone, methemoglobinemia, methylene blue (PubMed Search)
Posted: 6/27/2008 by Fermin Barrueto
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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Category: Toxicology
Keywords: coumadin, vitamin K, anticoagulation (PubMed Search)
Posted: 6/19/2008 by Fermin Barrueto
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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Here is a short list of medications that will actually prevent a patient from being anticoagulated by coumadin. These medications will make it difficult for the patient to reach therapeutic levels and need to be warned about this drug-drug interaction with coumadin:
Reference: Goldfrank's Textbook of Toxicologic Emergencies, 6th Edition
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: transdermal, fentanyl, clonidine (PubMed Search)
Posted: 6/12/2008 by Fermin Barrueto
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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Trandermal Delivery Systems
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: sedation, propofol, ketamine (PubMed Search)
Posted: 6/5/2008 by Ellen Lemkin, MD, PharmD
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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"Ketofol" (Ketamine plus propofol)
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: chlorine, pneumonitis (PubMed Search)
Posted: 5/22/2008 by Fermin Barrueto
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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Pool Cleaner Toxicity - Chlorine Gas Exposure
The "shock" treatment that is utilized in pool cleaner is often contained in a large plastic container and is calcium hypochlorite. Chlorine gas accumulates in the small amount of airspace found in the container. If a future patient opens the container either in an enclosed space or within close proximity of the face that allows for large inhalational exposure.
Category: Toxicology
Keywords: cyanide (PubMed Search)
Posted: 5/15/2008 by Fermin Barrueto
(Updated: 12/4/2024)
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Toxicology Trivia for $1000 - These are in fruits of the "rose" family and in some roots that contain cyanogenic glycosides and other cyanide containing compounds. It would actually take a fair amount of work to ingest enough to reach toxicity: