Category: Neurology
Keywords: increased intracranial pressure, opening pressure (PubMed Search)
Posted: 12/21/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
(Updated: 12/12/2024)
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--- Venous drainage obstruction (i.e. cerebral venous sinus thrombosis).
--- Endocrine (i.e. obesity, hypothyroidism, Cushing's disease, Addison's disease).
--- Medications (i.e. vitamin A, cyclosporine, lithium, lupron, oral contraceptives,
amiodorone, and antiobiotics such as tetracyclines and sulfonamides).
--- Other conditions (i.e. pregnancy, steroid withdrawal, acromegaly, polycystic ovary
syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, sleep apnea, HIV).
Category: Neurology
Keywords: botulism, descending paralysis, clostridium botulinum, weakness (PubMed Search)
Posted: 12/14/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
(Updated: 12/12/2024)
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Fernandez-Frackelton M. Bacteria. In: Marx J, Hockerberger R, Walls R, ed. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. Phila: Mosby; 2009:1686-9.
Shearer p, Jagoda A. Neuromuscular Disorders. In: Marx J, Hockerberger R, Walls R, ed. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. Phila: Mosby; 2009:1415.
Category: Neurology
Keywords: mictuation syncope, syncope, vagus nerve, vasovagal syncope (PubMed Search)
Posted: 12/7/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
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-- occurs during or immediately following urination, often when bladder is full.
-- occurs at night or after standing from the recumbent position of a deep sleep to urinate.
-- risk factors: enlarged prostate, alpha blocker therapy, dehydration, alcohol, fatigue.
Category: Neurology
Keywords: seizure, epilepsy (PubMed Search)
Posted: 11/30/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
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Category: Neurology
Keywords: bell palsy, bell's palsy (PubMed Search)
Posted: 11/23/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
(Updated: 12/12/2024)
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Category: Neurology
Keywords: Myasthenia Graves, MG, edrophonium, Tensilon (PubMed Search)
Posted: 11/16/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
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Category: Neurology
Keywords: lithium toxicity, hemodialysis, whole bowel irrigation (PubMed Search)
Posted: 11/9/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
(Updated: 12/12/2024)
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Perrone J, Chatterjee P. "Lithium Poisoning." UpToDate. May 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.uptodate.com/contents/lithium-poisoning?source=search_result&search=lithium+tocity&selectedTitle=2%7E150#H24.
Category: Neurology
Keywords: stroke, iPhone, NIH Stroke Scale (PubMed Search)
Posted: 11/2/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
(Updated: 12/12/2024)
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Category: Neurology
Keywords: myasthenia graves, MG (PubMed Search)
Posted: 10/26/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
(Updated: 12/12/2024)
Click here to contact Aisha Liferidge, MD
- Mask-like face
- Eyelid weakness
-- leads to ptosis
-- exacerbated by sustained upward gaze
-- improved by closing the eyes for a short while
- Extraocular motion abnormality
-- usually affects more than one extraocular muscle
-- may be assymetrical
-- may result in mild proptosis
- Weak palatal muscles
-- nasal-sounding voice
-- nasal regurgitation of food
- Weak jaw muscles
- Absent gag reflex
- Pupils normal
Category: Neurology
Keywords: fundoscopic examination, central retinal vein occlusion, central retinal artery occlusion (PubMed Search)
Posted: 10/19/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
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Differentiating Central Retinal Artery vs. Vein Occlusion Fundoscopically
Category: Neurology
Keywords: sciatica, straight leg raise test (PubMed Search)
Posted: 10/12/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
(Updated: 12/12/2024)
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Category: Neurology
Keywords: pontine stroke, pontine hemorrhage, corneal reflex, miosis, opiate abuse, opiate overdose (PubMed Search)
Posted: 10/5/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
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Category: Neurology
Keywords: pontine stroke, pontine hemorrhage, corneal reflex, miosis, opiate abuse, opiate overdose (PubMed Search)
Posted: 10/5/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
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Category: Neurology
Keywords: marcus gunn pupil, afferent pupillary defect, swinging flashlight test (PubMed Search)
Posted: 9/28/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
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Category: Neurology
Keywords: glascow coma scale, GCS (PubMed Search)
Posted: 9/21/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
(Updated: 12/12/2024)
Click here to contact Aisha Liferidge, MD
EYE OPENING
4 = spontaneous
3 = to voice
2 = to pain
1 = none
VERBAL RESPONSE
5 = orientated
4 = confused
3 = inappropriate
2 = incomprehensible
1 = none
MOTOR RESPONSE
6 = obeys command
5 = localizes pain
4 = withdraw to pain
3 = decorticate
2 = decerebrate
1 = none
Category: Neurology
Keywords: bell palsy, bell's palsy, cranial nerve seven palsy, facial paralysis (PubMed Search)
Posted: 9/14/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
(Updated: 12/12/2024)
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Category: Neurology
Keywords: encephalitis, meningitis, acyclovir, headache, fever (PubMed Search)
Posted: 9/7/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
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Category: Neurology
Keywords: delirium (PubMed Search)
Posted: 8/31/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
(Updated: 12/12/2024)
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Category: Neurology
Keywords: ROSIER scale, ischemic stroke (PubMed Search)
Posted: 8/24/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
(Updated: 12/12/2024)
Click here to contact Aisha Liferidge, MD
Category: Neurology
Keywords: tumor, dandy-walker syndrome, craniosynostosis, increased intracranial pressure, spina bifida (PubMed Search)
Posted: 8/17/2011 by Aisha Liferidge, MD
Click here to contact Aisha Liferidge, MD
- Tumor - more likely if in lateral ventricles, posterior fossa, or intraspinal.
- Spina Bifida - blocked cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow may cause Chiari Malformation II.
- Congenital Aqueductal Stenosis - associated with mental retardation, abducted thumbs.
- Craniosynostosis - results from premature closure of skull sutures.
- Dandy-Walker Syndrome - cystic deformity of fourth ventricle, hypoplasia of cerebellar
vermis, and enlarged posterior fossa.
- Arachnoid Cyst - common locations include middle and posterior fossa.