Characterized by hemolytic anemia (pallor on exam), acute renal failure (oliguria or anuria by history), and thrombocytopenia (petechiae).
HUS is one of the most common causes of acute renal failure in children.
Two types: diarrhea-associated (shiga toxin+ or D+) which is more common and has a more favorable prognosis, and non diarrhea-associated (atypical or sporadic or D-).
Most common age at presentation is during infancy or young childhood.
Pediatric HUS is a true medical emergency.
Resuscitation with blood products frequently is required, but it is crucial to provide volume carefully because renal function may be severely compromised.
Dialysis is required if anuria persists for 12+ hours or for severe hyperkalemia (>6.5mEq/L) Some patients may benefit from plasmapheresis, but full renal recovery is not certain.
