-polycythemia rubra vera -sickle cell disease -essential thrombocytosis - TTP - Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia -Antithrombin III deficiency - Protein C or S deficiency - Factors V, VII, XII, or XIII deficiency -heparin cofactor II deficiency - dysfibrinogenemias -antiphospholipid/anticardiolipin antibodies -nephrotic syndrome -malignancy -pregnancy -oral contraceptives -dehydration